Abstract
Naturally-occurring radioactive materials wastes in the oil and gas industry create a radioactive environment for the workers in the field. MCNP simulation conducted in this work provides a useful tool in terms of radiation safety design of the oil field, as well as validation and an important addition to in situ measurements. Furthermore, phantoms are employed to observe the dose distribution throughout the human body, demonstrating radiation effects on each individual organ.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) (2003) Radiation protection and the management of radioactive waste in the oil and gas industry. Safety Reports Series No. 34
Hamlat MS, Djeffal S, Kadi H (2001) Assessment of radiation exposures from naturally occurring radioactive materials in the oil and gas industry. Appl Radiat Isot 55:141–146
Parmaksiz A, Agus Y, Bulgurlu F, Bulur E, Yildiz C, Oncu T (2013) Activity concentrations of 224Ra, 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K radionuclides in refinery products and the additional radiation dose originated from oil residues in Turkey. Radiat Prot Dosim 156:481–488
Agbalagba EO, Avwiri GO, Ononugbo CP (2013) Evaluation of naturally occurring radioactivity materials (NORM) of soil and sediments in oil and gas wells in western Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Environ Earth Sci 70:2613–2622
Goorley T et al (2012) Initial MCNP6 release overview. Nucl Technol 180:298–315
Landsberger S, George G, Lara R, Tamalis D, Louis-Jean J, Dayman K (2012) Analysis of naturally occurring radioactive material using neutron activation analysis and passive Compton suppression gamma-ray spectometry. Nukleonika 57:461–465
Gasser E, Nachab A, Nourreddine A, Roy C, Sellam A (2014) Update of 40K and 226Ra and 232Th series gamma-to-dose conversion factors for soil. J Environ Radioact 138:67–71
Clouvas A, Xanthos S, Antonopoulos-Domis M, Silva J (2000) Monte Carlo calculation of dose rate conversion factors for external exposure to photon emitters in soil. Health Phys 78:295–302
Saito K, Jacob P (1995) Gamma ray fields in the air due to sources in the ground. Radiat Prot Dosim 58:29–45
Quindos LS, Fernandez PL, Rodenas C, Gomez-Arozamena J, Arteche J (2004) Conversion factors for external gamma dose derived from natural radionuclides in soils. J Environ Radioact 71:139–145
Krstic D, Nikezic D (2007) Input files with ORNL-mathematical phantoms of the human body for MCNP-4B. Comput Phys Commun 176:33–37
Wilson AJ, Scott LM (1992) Characterization of radioactive petroleum piping scale and evaluation of subsequent land contamination. Health Phys 63:681–685
Wallace JD (2013) Monte Carlo modelling of large scale NORM sources using MCNP. J Environ Radioact 126:55–60
Hamlat MS, Kadi H, Fellag H (2003) Precipitate containing norm in the oil industry: modeling and laboratory experiments. Appl Radiat Isotop 59:95–99
Koolivand A, Naddafi K, Nabizadeh R, Nasseri S, Jafari AJ, Yunesian M, Yaghmaeian K (2013) Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons from bottom sludge of crude oil storage tanks using in-vessel composting followed by oxidation with hydrogen peroxide and Fenton. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 15:321–327
Above Ground Oil Water Separators 400gpm–600gpm, Mercer International Inc. http://www.oil-water-separators.com/oil-water-separators/above-ground-oil-water-separators/400gpm-600gpm
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, S., Landsberger, S. MCNP modeling of NORM dosimetry in the oil and gas industry. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 309, 367–371 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-016-4781-x
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-016-4781-x